1. 造谣

谣言：rumor /'r?m?/

但“造谣”可不是make a rumor！

make只能表达 “编造出谣言”，想表达 “编造并传播” 谣言，地道的说法是 “start a rumor”。

I see Adam's hand in this , It would be just like him to start such a rumor .

我看得出来亚当在背后搞鬼，散布这种谣言很像他的作风。

Who started the rumor that I’m pregnant?

谁造的谣说我怀孕了？

He started the rumor to embarrass me.

他造谣就是为了让我难堪。

此外，造谣还可以用：cook up a story来表示↓↓↓

cook up =虚构，伪造。

"Tell me why you were late getting to school, and don't cook up a story that I won't believe, " Matthew's mother said.

“告诉我为什么上学迟到了，别编造，我不会相信的。”马休的妈妈说。

2. 辟谣

英文中，用refute the rumor来表示“辟谣”。

Why didn't he refute the rumor？

他为啥不辟谣？

She finally came up and refuted the rumors about her family.

她最终还是站出来辟谣了关于她家庭的谣言。

那么，“微博辟谣”，又应该怎么表达呢？

请看一段英文报道↓↓↓

Sina said it has created a separate channel dubbed “Weibo Refutes Rumors” to spread denials of false information. It announced an email address for users to send reports of possible falsehoods.

新浪网表示已创建单独的“微博辟谣”频道，告知用户哪些是虚假信息。新浪还专设了举报邮箱，供用户举报疑似虚假消息。

文中的Weibo Refutes Rumors就是指“微博辟谣”，也可以称为rumor refutal。

谣言散布群体常称为rumor mill（谣言工厂，流言簿）。

Rumor可以直接作动词，如：

It is rumored that she has committed suicide.

据传闻，她已自杀身亡。

（来源：英语四六级备考）