銆€銆€椋熷搧浼欎即缃戣 杩戝勾鏉�杞熀鍥�璇濋涓嶇粷浜庤€筹紝鏂硅垷瀛�涓庡磾姘稿厓閽堝杞熀鍥犵殑“璁烘垬”鍦ㄥ浗鍐呭紩鍙戜簡杞╃劧澶ф尝銆傚浜庤浆鍩哄洜锛岃鎷掔粷杩樻槸鎵瑰噯锛岀瑪鑰呰涓哄皻闇€鐞嗘€х湅寰咃紝鍕胯皥铏庤壊鍙樸€�
銆€銆€浠€涔堟槸杞熀鍥狅紵
銆€銆€杞熀鍥犳妧鏈紙Genetically Modified锛岀畝绉癎M锛夛紝灏嗗熀鍥犵墖娈佃浆鍏ョ壒瀹氱敓鐗╀腑锛屽苟鏈€缁堣幏鍙栧叿鏈夌壒瀹氶仐浼犳€х姸涓綋鐨勬妧鏈€�
銆€銆€鍚勫浗瀵硅浆鍩哄洜鐨勬€佸害
銆€銆€娆х洘
銆€銆€娆х洘瀵硅浆鍩哄洜鎸佽皑鎱庢€佸害锛屽杞熀鍥犻鍝�鍏ュ競杩涜涓ユ牸璇勪及銆傚鏋滅粡涓撳缁勮瘎浼拌涓哄畨鍏紝鍒欎簣浠ユ斁琛屻€傜粡杩囩浉搴斿畨鍏ㄦ€ц瘎浼板悗锛岀洰鍓嶆鐩熷凡鎵瑰噯瀛熷北閮組ON810绉嶆浠ュ強椋熺敤銆傜洰鍓嶆鐩熼鍝佸競鍦轰笂娴侀€氱殑杞熀鍥犱綔鐗╁緢澶氾紝鍖呮嫭鐜夌背銆佹补鑿溿€佸ぇ璞嗐€佺敎鑿滅瓑[1]銆傜劧鑰屽悇鎴愬憳鍥戒粛鍙牴鎹浗鎯呮壒鍑嗘垨鍚﹀喅杞熀鍥犱綔鐗┿€�
銆€銆€缇庡浗
銆€銆€鐩墠缇庡浗杞熀鍥犲啘浣滅墿绉嶆闈㈢Н鍗犱富瑕佸啘浣滅墿鎬婚潰绉害90%锛岀編鍥藉眳姘戠殑鏃ュ父鍐滀骇鍝佹秷璐逛腑杞熀鍥犱綔鐗╃殑姣斾緥杈惧埌浜�70%浠ヤ笂銆�
銆€銆€2015骞�11鏈�19鏃ョ編鍥紽DA鍙戝竷閫氬憡锛屾壒鍑嗚浆鍩哄洜椴戦奔鐢ㄤ簬椋熷搧骞跺彂甯冪浉搴旀爣绀烘寚鍗�[2]銆�
銆€銆€2016骞�5鏈�17鏃ョ編鍥界瀛﹂櫌鍙戝竷銆婂熀鍥犲伐绋嬩綔鐗╋細缁忛獙涓庡睍鏈涖€嬫姤鍛婄О锛屾病鏈夎瘉鎹〃鏄庤浆鍩哄洜鍐滀綔鐗╁浜虹被鎴栫幆澧冩湁瀹�[3]銆�
銆€銆€鍔犳嬁澶�
銆€銆€鍦ㄥ姞鎷垮ぇ锛岀粡杩囧畨鍏ㄦ€ц瘎浼拌涓哄畨鍏ㄧ殑杞熀鍥犻鍝佸彲浠ヨ幏鎵瑰噯銆傚姞鎷垮ぇ鍗敓閮ㄦ寚鍑猴紝杞熀鍥犻鍝佸湪鍔犳嬁澶у彉寰楄秺鏉ヨ秺甯歌锛屽紑濮嬫垚涓哄姞鎷垮ぇ浜烘棩甯搁ギ椋熺殑涓€閮ㄥ垎銆�
銆€銆€2016骞�5鏈�19鏃ュ姞鎷垮ぇ鍗敓閮ㄦ壒鍑嗚浆鍩哄洜椴戦奔涓婇妗�[4]銆�
銆€銆€涓浗
銆€銆€鎴戝浗瀵瑰彂灞曞啘涓氳浆鍩哄洜鎻愬嚭浜嗘槑纭殑瑕佹眰锛屽湪鐮旂┒涓婂ぇ鑳嗭紝鍧氭寔鑷富鍒涙柊锛涘湪鎺ㄥ箍涓婃厧閲嶏紝鍋氬埌纭繚瀹夊叏锛涘湪绠$悊涓婁弗鏍硷紝鍧氭寔渚濇硶鐩戠銆�“鍗佷笁浜�”鏈熼棿锛屾垜鍥藉皢閲嶇偣鎺ㄨ繘杞熀鍥犳姉铏銆佹姉铏帀绫崇殑浜т笟鍖栵紝鍚屾椂淇濇寔鍙g伯浣滅墿鐨勮浆鍩哄洜鍝佺鐮斿彂鍔涘害锛岀洰鍓嶏紝鎴戝浗鎵瑰噯绉嶆鐨勮浆鍩哄洜浣滅墿鍙湁妫夎姳鍜岀暘鏈ㄧ摐銆�
銆€銆€缁间笂鎵€杩帮紝绗旇€呰涓猴紝浠庝富瑕佸浗瀹跺拰鍦板尯鐨勭鐞嗘斂绛栫湅锛岀粡杩囧畨鍏ㄦ€ц瘎浼拌涓哄畨鍏ㄧ殑杞熀鍥犻鍝侊紝瀹夊叏鎬ф槸鏈変繚闅滅殑銆�
銆€銆€鍙傝€冩枃鐚細
銆€銆€1.EU Register of authorised GMOs, http://ec.europa.eu/food/dyna/gm_register/index_en.cfm
銆€銆€2.FDA takes several actions involving genetically engineered plants and animals for food, http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm473249.htm
銆€銆€3.Genetically Engineered Crops: Experiences and Prospects (2016), http://dels.nas.edu/Report/Genetically-Engineered-Crops-Experiences-Prospects/23395
銆€銆€4.Health Canada and Canadian Food Inspection Agency approve AquAdvantage Salmon, http://news.gc.ca/web/article-en.do?nid=1068309