1. deductive reasoning
   演绎推论
   
2. inductive reasoning
   归纳推理
   
3. reasoning backward
   倒推论
   

1. Please elucidate the reasons for your decision.
   请把你作出决定的理由解释清楚。
2. There is no reason to discredit what she says.
   没理由不信她说的话.
3. There was no rhyme or reason in Uncle George's job hunting.
   乔治叔叔没头没脑地四处找工作。
4. Without reasoning one is apt to be beyond control.
   没有理智容易变成不受约束。
5. There's no reason to apologize.
   没有理由道歉。

　1个名词解释

　1个形容词解释